- Ivan Illich wrote Deschooling Society (1971).
- He was a strong critic of the over-institutionalization of the education system.
- Critical of credentialism whereby schooled societies come to [surrogate] measures of some skill like grades and certificates for the skill itself.
- Criticised the [monopoly of school] which causes people to view formal educational contexts like schools and universities as the only channels through which education can be delivered.
- Ivan Illich proposed learning networks as alternatives to the traditional education system.